William Samuel Johnson (1727–1819) chaired the Committee of Style, James Madison (1751–1836), Rufus King (1755–1827), and Alexander Hamilton gave the Constitution its substance. Gouverneur Morris (1752–1816), a delegate from Pennsylvania, is credited with providing the preamble phrase We the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union—a dramatic change from the opening of the previous version. This simple phrase anchored the new national government in the consent of the people rather than a confederation of states.