Creating the United States

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On November 20, 1782, Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, John Jay, and Henry Laurens signed the preliminary articles of peace between the United States and Great Britain, ending the war for American independence. The treaty recognized American independence and gave the new United States a broad swath of territory east of the Mississippi River.

(Transcription)

“Article 7th. There shall be a firm & perpetual Peace . . .”